Management of Hazardous Chemicals
chlorine
Management of Haz.Chemicals
- Every day lot of chemicals are being handled
- Some chemicals are safe,some are toxic,corrosive and even poisonous
Management of Haz. Chemicals
- Chlorine and Toluene are the topics of today’s discussion
Chlorine
- At normal pressure it is gas but under pressure it is liquid.
- Gaseous chlorine is yellow but liquid chlorine is amber color.
- It is pungent and suffocating.
- It is slightly soluble in water.
- Wet chlorine is very corrosive.
Chlorine
- Chlorine has a vapour density 2.5 so it is heavier than air.Aways remain at ground level in case of leakage.
Hazard
- Short term exposure limit is 1ppm
- Under this limit one can work safely up to 15 minutes with out any irritation,chronic tissue change and any other problem.
- Fatal dose is 1000ppm
Leakage
- Exact leakage point of chlorine can be detected by ammonia torch.
- Liquid chlorine leakage should be converted to gaseous leakage by turning the cylinder.
- One volume of liquid chlorine gives 460 volume of gaseous chlorine.
- Leakage should always be attended by using PPE
Leakage
- Leakage can be detected by electronic leakage censor device.
- Censor should be fixed near the chlorine tonners or chlorine distributing station.
- Censor should be connected through hooter .
Leakage
- Always approach the leak point against the air direction.
- In no case water to be sprayed on the chlorine leak.
- In case of large leak absorb the chlorine in caustic solution or soda solution or lime solution scrubber.
Health Hazard
- Chlorine is very corrosive and reacts with body moisture to form corrosive acid.
- Cause respiratory injury ranging from irritation to death.
- Up to 0.5ppm no long term affect.
- 1-3ppm can be recognised by nose and preventive can be taken immediately
- 100ppm can cause lethal damage
- 1000ppm danger to life.
Reactivity
- Chlorine has great affinity for Hydrogen
- Reacts with water to produce toxic and corrosive solution of HCl and HOCl
- Reacts with NH3 in the cold to produce extremely explosive Nitrogen Tri Chloride
- Reacts with many metals and nonmetals to form the salt.
- Reacts with Organic Compound to form Chlorinated derivative
Packing
- Liquid Chlorine is packed in100 kg Cylinder or 900 kg tonner.
- 90% filling capacity is used for packing.
Personnel Protective Equipments
- Self contained breathing apparatus.
- Positive pressure(blower) hose mask.
- Industrial canister type mask.
- Protective clothing.
First Aid
- Shift the affected person to open place.
- Apply oxygen immediately.
- Remove the contaminated clothing.
- Plenty of water to be used for eye and skin washing.
- Call a doctor if the victim is uncomfortable.
Employees Selection and Training
- Chlorine leakage should be handled by trained personnel only.
- Training should be given to competent person only,
- Training and awareness programm to be conducted frequently.
Practice Being Adopted In Lanxess
- Huge quantity of chlorine (8-10)tonnes per hour is used.
- This quantity can not be handled in tonners.
- Therefore chlorine is being transported through pipeline.
- Proper CSGV are fitted at various points.
- Chlorine measuring meter is fitted with analysis parameters.
Practice Being Adopted In Lanxess
- Chlorine gas holder is installed with safety valve.
- Safety valves blows off if pressure goes above 5 kg/cm2.
- Vent of safety valve is connected with the caustic scrubber solution.
- Chlorine leakage detectors are fitted in all the required places and in 4 directions.
Practice Being Adopted In Lanxess
- Chlorine detector hooters are also installed.
- All the detectors are connected to the monitors also.
- Chlorine monitoring records are kept for three months atleast.
- Caustic solution scrubber through suction blower is always ready to handle any leakage of chlorine.
Practice Being Adopted In Lanxess
- Emergency kit is always kept ready.
- Kit mainly consists of gaskets,clamps,hoods,studs,tie rods,spanners,chains,pins and wooden pegs.
- Pipe lines are regularly checked for wall thickness and proper records are maintained
Practice Being Adopted In Lanxess
- Training is regular practice in lanxess.
- In house Mock drills are done quarterly.
- Off sight mock drill is also conducted once in a year.
- Records of all the trainings are maintained and considered in annual appraisal.
- Annual health check is done by a competent doctor