WÖSTHOFF MIKROGAS® and ULTRAGAS® Analyzers
Principle of Conductimetric Measurement
The conductimetric measurement principle utilized by H. Wösthoff, GmbH, introduces a previously metered sample gas into a suitable liquid reagent of measured electrical conductivity. The volumetrically proportioned streams of sample gas and liquid reagent combine, changing the conductivity of the reagent solution. The resulting difference in conductivity of the reacted reagent solution is proportional to the concentration of the sample gas being measured.
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The above figure shows an apparatus configuration in which liquid reagent conductivity is first measured at Electrode 1 (before introduction of the sample gas) and then again at Electrode 2 after the sample gas and reagent have thoroughly mixed in the reaction run and are again separated.
Gas Analyzers for Laboratory, Research and Ambient MeasurementsMethodology and Application
Utilizing the principle of conductivity measurement, ULTRAGAS® instruments provide continuous reading or batch analysis for laboratory and pilot project applications; closed chamber research; environmental; specialty gas production analysis; petroleum, chemical, pharmaceutical and other industrial process laboratories; and ambient air applications involving one or more of the following gases: CO, CO2, CH4, NH3, H2S, SO2, HCl, COCl2, CWK, COS, CS2, HCN; other hydrocarbons. This direct wet-gas measurement principle does not require a dry-gas sample as with other analyzer measurement techniques.
Calibration
The amount and cost of compressed calibration gas standards is significantly reduced, since the required sample gas flow rate is so small(±3.5 l/hr).
Gas Analyzers for Continuous Emissions Monitoring (CEM);
Ambient Monitoring and Process Gas AnalysisApplications and Methodology
MIKROGAS® instruments employ the conductimetric measuring principle and continuously measure concentrations of SO2, HCl, H2S, NH3, Cl2, COCl2, COS CS2, HCN and other gases in stack and incineration emissions (CEMs), before or after cleaning; ambient air; standing tanks; waste treatment plants; petroleum, chemical and other industrial process streams.
This direct wet-gas measurement principle does not require the use of a dry-gas sample; nor is a dilution sampling probe required for CEM applications.
Interferences and Sample Loss
Reactive components or interfering gases contained in a sample gas stream are eliminated by filtration in the sampling probe; condensation; absorption; or chemical washing prior to entering the measuring system. Some measurement applications require use of heated sampling probes and lines to avoid sample loss.
Instrument Configuration
MIKROGAS® analyzers are available as stationary (wall mount, 19" rack, pedestal) or easily-portable units.
Calibration
MIKROGAS® analyzers may be calibrated directly at the instrument or at the CEM sampling probe. The amount and cost of compressed calibration gas standards is significantly reduced, since the required sample gas flow rate is so small.
Principle of Conductimetric Measurement
The conductimetric measurement principle utilized by H. Wösthoff, GmbH, introduces a previously metered sample gas into a suitable liquid reagent of measured electrical conductivity. The volumetrically proportioned streams of sample gas and liquid reagent combine, changing the conductivity of the reagent solution. The resulting difference in conductivity of the reacted reagent solution is proportional to the concentration of the sample gas being measured.
The above figure shows an apparatus configuration in which liquid reagent conductivity is first measured at Electrode 1 (before introduction of the sample gas) and then again at Electrode 2 after the sample gas and reagent have thoroughly mixed in the reaction run and are again separated.
| ULTRAGAS® Series |
Gas Analyzers for Laboratory, Research and Ambient MeasurementsMethodology and Application
Utilizing the principle of conductivity measurement, ULTRAGAS® instruments provide continuous reading or batch analysis for laboratory and pilot project applications; closed chamber research; environmental; specialty gas production analysis; petroleum, chemical, pharmaceutical and other industrial process laboratories; and ambient air applications involving one or more of the following gases: CO, CO2, CH4, NH3, H2S, SO2, HCl, COCl2, CWK, COS, CS2, HCN; other hydrocarbons. This direct wet-gas measurement principle does not require a dry-gas sample as with other analyzer measurement techniques.
Calibration
The amount and cost of compressed calibration gas standards is significantly reduced, since the required sample gas flow rate is so small
| Single or Multiple Measuring Ranges: | As low as 0-10 ppm; User Determined As high as 0-5000 ppm; User Determined | ||
| Detectable limits: | As low as 0.1 ppm | ||
| Accuracy: | Better than 1% full scale | ||
| Zero Drift: | Less than 0.3% of full scale per 24 hours | ||
| 90% Time: | 80/150 seconds | ||
| Sampling Flow Rates: | Continuous: | 58 ml/min | |
| Reagent | 0.8-1.6 ml/min | ||
| Volume Required: | Batch: | 150 ml minimum | |
| Temperature: | 2-35 ºC | ||
| Atmospheric | |||
| Signal/Display: | 0/4-20 mA / recorded as ppm or % by volume; continuous reading analog or digital display; chart recorder display or other data (PC) interface; pre-set alarm | ||
| User Determined | |||
| MIKROGAS® Series |
Gas Analyzers for Continuous Emissions Monitoring (CEM);
Ambient Monitoring and Process Gas AnalysisApplications and Methodology
MIKROGAS® instruments employ the conductimetric measuring principle and continuously measure concentrations of SO2, HCl, H2S, NH3, Cl2, COCl2, COS CS2, HCN and other gases in stack and incineration emissions (CEMs), before or after cleaning; ambient air; standing tanks; waste treatment plants; petroleum, chemical and other industrial process streams.
This direct wet-gas measurement principle does not require the use of a dry-gas sample; nor is a dilution sampling probe required for CEM applications.
Interferences and Sample Loss
Reactive components or interfering gases contained in a sample gas stream are eliminated by filtration in the sampling probe; condensation; absorption; or chemical washing prior to entering the measuring system. Some measurement applications require use of heated sampling probes and lines to avoid sample loss.
Instrument Configuration
MIKROGAS® analyzers are available as stationary (wall mount, 19" rack, pedestal) or easily-portable units.
Calibration
MIKROGAS® analyzers may be calibrated directly at the instrument or at the CEM sampling probe. The amount and cost of compressed calibration gas standards is significantly reduced, since the required sample gas flow rate is so small.
| Single or Multiple Measuring Ranges: | As high as may be required; User Determined As low as 0-1.0 ppm; User Determined | ||
| Detectable limits: | Smaller than 2-5% full scale; as low as 0.04 to 0.10 ppm | ||
| Accuracy: | Better than 2-3% full scale | ||
| 90% Time: | 80-160 sec | ||
| Sample Gas Flow: | As low as 4.0-10.0 l/hr | ||
| Temperature: | 2-45 ºC | ||
| Signal/Display: | 0/4-20 mA; continuous reading analog or digital display; chart recorder display or other data (PC) interface; pre-set alarm | ||
| "O" Point Deviation: | ± 0.73% over 4 week maintenance interval | ||
| Weight: | 30 lbs. (Portable Unit) | ||
| 4-6 weeks | |||